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Muhammad Shah
Nasir-ud-Din Muhammad Shah, Nasir-ud-Din Muhammad Shah Irkhwaz, Abu Al-Fatah Nasir-ud-Din Roshan Akhtar Muhammad Shah (17 August 1702 – 26 April 1748), (محمد شاه) was the Mughal emperor between 1719 and 1748.〔 Available (here ) on Project Gutenberg.〕 He was son of Khujista Akhtar, the fourth son of Bahadur Shah I. Ascending the throne at 17 with the help of the Sayyid Brothers, he later got rid of them with the help of Asaf Jah I. Hussain Ali Khan was murdered at Fatehpur Sikri in 1720, and Syed Hassan Ali Khan Barha was fatally poisoned in 1722. Muhammad Shah was a great patron of the arts, including musical, cultural and administrative developments. His pen-name was Sada Rangila ("ever joyous") and he is often referred to as "Muhammad Shah Rangila".〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sitar - Google Search )〕
Although he was a patron of the arts, Muhammad Shah's reign was marked by great decline. The Mughals had already been showing decline for years, but the invasion by Nader Shah of Persia and the subsequent sack and looting of the Mughal capital would greatly accelerate the pace at which it was going. The course of events not only shocked and mortified the Mughals themselves, but also more foreign invaders, including the British.
==Early life==
Muhammad Shah was born in 1702 in Ghazna (in modern day Afghanistan) to Prince Khujista Akhtar, during the reign of the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb. In the year 1707, his grandfather Bahadur Shah I had defeated and eliminated his own brother Muhammad Azam Shah on 19 June 1707 at the Battle of Jajau, during another war of succession that followed after the death of his aged grandfather Bahadur Shah I his father was killed, and the 12-year-old prince and his mother were imprisoned by his uncle Jahandar Shah but spared from death. Handsome and quick to learn, his mother took good care of his education, while his father had enhanced his administrative abilities. Since the overthrow of Farrukhsiyar in 1719 many Mughal Emperors briefly ascended to the throne, but the Sayyid Brothers eventually chose 17-year-old Muhammad Shah to become the new Mughal Emperor.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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